The Grey Wolf Essay Example For Students

FDT response 1 week 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

FDT reaction multi week 3 - Essay Example Amexica’s area has made it simpler for misuse of maquiladora workers and the comparing bordertown economies by the organization processing plants with association free, and modest work. Amexica is narco centers that are defaced by disorder along these lines making it to harbor indications of worldwide free enterprise (Rosenbaum and Friedman, 2007). Then again, Amexica topography and the nearness of the unlawful opiates exchange have help in rising the standard of life and the components of the delicate culture, for example, music, apparel, and adornments couple with shopper things, for example, extravagant trucks, rich homes. Amexica topography is vital for posses and medication cartels. Posses ordinarily kidnap residents of United States in this manner making dread among the individuals. This hugely hampers improvement of the region. Also, tranquilize cartels at times recruit Mexican Mafia, Texas Syndicate, and MS-13 as their own masters and flexibly of opiates to the road (Rosenbaum and Friedman, 2007). This makes the area to be incredibly shaky for speculation along these lines upsetting its whole

Use of Vyvanse for Binge Eating Disorder

Use of Vyvanse for Binge Eating Disorder Eating Disorders Treatment Print The Use of Vyvanse in the Treatment of Binge Eating Disorder By Malia Frey  Malia Frey is a weight loss expert, certified health coach, weight management specialist, personal trainer?, and fitness nutrition specialist.   Learn about our editorial policy Malia Frey Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Daniel B. Block, MD on January 27, 2020 twitter linkedin Daniel B. Block, MD, is an award-winning, board-certified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in Pennsylvania. Learn about our Medical Review Board Daniel B. Block, MD Updated on February 20, 2020 Tom Merton / Getty Images More in Eating Disorders Treatment Symptoms Diagnosis Awareness and Prevention In This Article Table of Contents Expand What Is Binge Eating Disorder? Vyvanse for BED Dosing Precautions and Side Effects View All Back To Top Vyvanse (lisdexamfetamine dimesylate) is an FDA-approved central nervous system stimulant used to treat ADHD and binge eating disorder (BED). While is not approved for weight loss, the use of Vyvanse for moderate-to-severe BED can lead to weight loss.?? What Is Binge Eating Disorder? BED is an eating disorder that was added to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders  (DSMâ€"5) in 2013. It involves recurring episodes of binge eating without purging and accompanying feelings of remorse afterward.  ?? Binge eating can lead to weight gain and ultimately obesity. It is defined as eating a significantly larger than normal portion of food in a short period of time and feeling that you cannot stop or control how much you are eating.   Episodes of binge eating can be characterized by behaviors that include:?? Eating much more rapidly than normalContinuing to eat until uncomfortably fullEating large amounts when not physically hungryEating alone due to the embarrassment of how much you are eatingFeeling disgusted, depressed, or guilty afterward To be diagnosed with BED, a marked level of distress regarding binge eating must be present, the binging must not be associated with purging or over-exercising to compensate, and the behavior must occur at least once a week for three months.?? How a Binge Eating Disorder Is Diagnosed Vyvanse for Binge Eating Disorder Individual or group therapy, including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT),?? interpersonal psychotherapy, and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), are recommended for the treatment of BED. In addition, the U.S. Food Drug Administration approved Vyvanse as the first drug to treat BED in 2010.?? In preclinical trials of patients with moderate to severe BED, Vyvanse was shown to significantly reduce the frequency of binge eating days. It was also shown to be effective at aiding in the prevention of relapse. Dosing When starting Vyvanse, your doctor will likely begin at a lower dose and increase it gradually until you get the maximum benefit. The standard initial dose is 30mg taken every morning,  increasing by 20mg per week for a maximum dose of 70mg a day.  ?? Vyvanse is a controlled substance, which means it is more regulated than some other prescription drugs. In most states, you will need to see your doctor each month to obtain a new prescription. Refill requests likely cannot be made over the phone. Precautions and Side Effects Since Vyvanse is a central nervous system stimulant, it comes with some risks. It is in a class of drugs known as amphetamines, which have a high potential for abuse and dependence.?? They are also linked to serious cardiovascular reactions, including sudden death, stroke, and heart attack. People with a known hypersensitivity to amphetamine products or those who take monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) should not take Vyvanse. Common side effects from Vyvanse use include:   Dry mouthInsomniaDecreased appetite??Increased heart rateConstipation  Feeling jitteryAnxiety A Word From Verywell If you think you may have binge eating disorder, the first step to treatment should be seeking the help of a medical or behavioral health specialist.  Once diagnosed, your health care provider can tell you if Vyvanse can aid in weight loss by managing your binge eating episodes.

The Importance of Anthropology in Fighting Poverty

Anthropology is the study of the ways people live, how civilizations are organized, and each of these have changed through time. It is a way of looking at the world – a methodology of studying all things distinctly human through space and time, and which analyses political, religious, writing, linguistic, and cultural systems. The importance of bringing the anthropological perspective is obvious: human beings are biocultural beings- nothing is ever 100% biological- every person shares similar needs, but the ways in which we provide for those needs changes across time and space, and is largely determined by the frames of reference, experiences, and shared understandings undertaken by our people. What is important to understand here is that culture is learned, shared, symbolic, patterned, and adaptive, and anything that goes without saying came without saying. Thus, it is imperative that our colleagues on this project understand the importance of symbols, rituals, belief-structu res, structural violence, and frames of reference for the people we aim to help. Without this crucial lens, it is quite plausible that the project would be unsuccessful as oftentimes individuals in the fields of government, economics, medicine, agriculture, education, and engineering rely on the best practices within their respective fields and apply almost a cookie-cutter method to the solutions offered when the understanding offered through anthropological analysis could make success significantlyShow MoreRelatedThe And Opportunity : Integrating Anthropology, Ecology, And Policy Through Adaptive Experimentation1221 Words   |  5 PagesScott Yabiku, and Charles Redman. Problem and opportunity: integrating anthropology, ecology, and policy through adaptive experimentation in the urban US Southwest. Human Organization 66, no. 2 (2007): 125-139. The article focused on the water issues in Arizona. It focusses on constructing environments, especially in homes that are less water dependent and are native to that environment. The article stressed the importance on collaboration between ecologist and anthropologist in creating policyRead MoreInternational Drug Trade. . Student’S Name. Institution1015 Words   |  5 Pages International Drug Trade Student’s Name Institution Name Date The world is getting condensed into a global village and this comes with opportunities and challenges. The global economy, for example assumes greater importance to all countries as it affects them in one way or another. While the condensation of the international market has benefited global business partners, it has also been permeated and exploited by unscrupulous tradesmen. For example, the international drug trade hasRead More Yemen Conflict and the Role of the IGOs and the NGOs in the Yemen Conflict1503 Words   |  7 Pages2012 Yemen conflict. The UNHCR also provided humanitarian services to the internally displaced people during the 2012 Yemen conflict (Nefissa 143). The political violence in Yemen witnessed in 2012 was also as a result different tribes in Yemen fighting for power. NGOs have focused on addressing tribal issues in Yemen that were partly responsible for the violence witnessed in 2012. NGOs such as the Islamic Relief and National Democratic Institute, which is based in the US, have established programsRead MoreList Of Abbreviations And Abbreviations10695 Words   |  43 Pagesstudy of Somalia was greatly impaired before 1990 as the dictatorship of Said Baresuppressed all but sycophants: those who wanted to focus on research had to focus on matters far from contemporary politics, such as history, economic development or anthropology. The few who wanted to study contemporary politics had to accept that field work would be risky and after their findings were published nearly impossible. After the last episode of the last Somali civil war broke out in December 1990, this prohibitionRead MoreFactors Affecting the Cultural Beliefs of Ta gakaulo Tribe in Southern Mindanao7929 Words   |  32 Pageswarriors to go out and fight at least once a year. Raids were usually conducted when the moon is bright. Like other Philippine tribes, their weaponry includes spears, fighting knives, bows and arrows, sharpened bamboo sticks, and shields. Later on, the Tagakaulos also learned how to use guns. In addition, Santos (2007) stated that besides fighting, the Tagakaulos also utilized the knife for ritualistic purposes as in the death of a warrior, on this Cole wrote, His knife lies in its sheath beside the bodyRead MoreA Review on the Social Performance of Coca-Cola Essay3218 Words   |  13 PagesCoca-Cola Coca-Cola is a brand that needs no introduction; being in existence since 1886, it has since grown into one of the world’s most powerful brands. Over the years, as Coca-Cola grew larger, so did the number of stakeholders; thus increasing the importance of upholding the principles of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Because 96% of Coca-Cola’s market capitalization value is â€Å"intangible† (Interbrand 2000), there is an urgency to protect its brand value and reputation for their stakeholdersRead More Protecting Women from Domestic Violence Essay5817 Words   |  24 Pagesrepresentation and culture are significantly correlated to level of protection. Because the number of women in elected office influences protection to a greater extent than culture, improving women’s representation appears to be an important factor in fighting the domestic violence problem. THE DOMESTIC VIOLENCE PROBLEM Across the world, women are beaten, tortured, mentally abused, burned, and killed by their intimate relations on a regular basis. Domestic violence is definedRead MoreDiscourse on Aboriginal Health Care7025 Words   |  29 PagesDiscourse of On Reserve Housing The substance of this paper will be to discuss the discourse regarding the inequalities facing aboriginal peoples living on reserves in the northwestern corner of Ontario. Inequality is not naturally occurring; poverty is not an innate cultural trait that accumulates at the feet of the marginalized (Schick St.Denis, 2005, p.304). Stephens, Nettleton and Porter stated in the Lancet (2005) â€Å"Aboriginal people in Canada suffer enormous inequalities in health and inRead MoreChina in Africa Essay20116 Words   |  81 Pagesconference which took place at NAI, Uppsala, in September 2007 regarding the ongoing discussions between EU and the ACP countries on Economic Partnership Agreements. The discussion at the conference highlighted the lack of connection between the poverty alleviation goal and the reality of the negotiations, despite numerous political declarations on both the EU and ACP sides. Key decisions on EPAs will soon be made by EU and ACP ministers. The Africa Europe Group of Interdisciplinary Studies, AEGISRead MoreThe Myths of Cultural Globalization Essay3502 Words   |  15 Pageshis/her findings to a wider audience. The resulting ethnography is a translation, shifting between the perspective of the cultural insider and the cultural outsider (the latter will most often coincide with the scientist and his/her audience). Anthropology tries to take a holistic approach to the society in question, i.e. to overcome the artificial separation of analytical categories (such as politics, culture and economy) common to other disciplines. Single phenomena are studied in their social

Gender Inequality Indian Politics And How This Has...

In today’s time of modernisation, women have not only made their presence felt but also proved themselves in every field including politics. India has been known for its antifeminist societies through the ages, but now things are not like before. Indian politics is now defined and administrated by majority of women politicians. The amount of women candidates this year has been extremely high, highest ever recorded by the parliament. All major parties have powerful â€Å"women wings†, which has a strong impact on the amount of women voters and also appeals to them to join political parties . Therefore the aim of this paper to understand gender inequality in Indian politics and how this has transformed over time. India is the largest democracy in the world. Democracy means equality for all human beings, men and women. Contradicting the basic notion of democracy, it has been noticed that women are generally excluded from various things, noticeably politics. According to the UN’s survey, women fall under the â€Å"world’s largest excluded category†. To achieve true democratic spirit and reduce gender injustice, political participation of women is the beginning step in that direction. Women should be provided with significant and effective equal treatment in political life, from very basic levels. The rural democratic structures in our country are ideal for women to get trained and practise in the process of decision making. For this to be successful, the 73rd Constitutional AmendmentShow MoreRelatedIs India A Successful Democratic Country?1461 Words   |  6 Pagesbeen transitioning from authoritarian regimes to democratized nations over the course of the past century. Nations look at the United States as an example of a successful democracy, which is not necessarily true. The United States does a better job at making sure it’s citizens are well aware of their individual rights and liberties. Although many countries claim to be democracies, not all fulfill the duties a democratic nation has to its people and its society. The South Asian country of India is anRead MoreThe Role Of Women During The Twentieth Century2045 Words   |  9 PagesSince the beginn ing of the twentieth century, the role of Canadian women has been significantly altered. Men have always been considered superior to women in most aspects of society. As a result of this, women have suffered endless gender discrimination. The amount of prejudice that women faced has been so intense that it got to the point where they had to fight for the right to simply be classified as actual â€Å"Persons† by the law instead they were put into the same category as the deaf and dumb.Read MoreHealth Inequality Within Communities 2585 Words   |  11 PagesIntroduction Public health as it is implicated in the lives of the community – it is important to conceptualise what this might mean. Moreover, public health has seen as a multidiscipline perspective in which it can be defined on many levels, and I find that it could be elusive to understand its meaning. By simple understanding of public health, I refer to an approach derived by Winslow (1920) and Baggott (2000). In some way, public health is seen as a modern philosophical and ideological perspectiveRead MoreWorld History AP8768 Words   |  36 PagesChapter 4 Big Picture Questions 1. What common features can you identify in the empires described in this chapter? †¢ All empires controlled large areas and populations. †¢ All empires were brought together by conquest and funded in part by extracting wealth from conquered peoples. †¢ All empires stimulated the exchange of ideas, cultures, and values among the peoples they conquered. †¢ All empires sought to foster an imperial identity that transcended more local identities and loyalties. †¢ AllRead MoreBlack Feminism : A Profound Effect On Society s History3616 Words   |  15 PagesIntroduction Black Feminism has proven to have a profound effect on society’s history, and is now beginning to impact even more this day and age. Black feminism is broader than what comes to mind. It is an essential component of black struggle against oppression and authority. Generally Black feminism is used to empower and liberate black women. Throughout the years many liberals have tried to exclude and silence black feminist. Black feminist have demanded for social, economic and political equalityRead MoreRadical Social Work and Social Action4276 Words   |  18 PagesSaul D. Alinsky, 1971. Above statement has the key to change the existing Indian society. In India, different social movements are going on against the politics of neoliberalism. This paper examines the difference between radical social work and social movements. This paper also reflects upon the ongoing movements and also criticizes social work practice. Managerial perspective to social distress created as a result of neoliberal policies. The paper has also tries to reconcile social action andRead MoreOvercoming Social Exclusion : Stories From High Achieving American Indian Students9581 Words   |  39 PagesAmerican Indian Students Eryka Charley Pennsylvania State University Abstract The purpose of this qualitative study is to understand the educational experiences of a group of high-achieving American Indian students. Despite strong community value of the importance of obtaining an education, American Indian students struggle to succeed academically, and have the lowest high school graduation rates in the United States (Brayboy, Fann, Castagno. Solyom, 2012). It is important to understand how studentsRead MoreIf Inequality Is Increasing, Are We Likely to See More Armed Conflict?4618 Words   |  19 Pagesthat there is a linear relationship between inequality and armed conflict; the rise of the former inevitably leads to the increase of the latter. However, in the absence of functioning communism or utopian egalitarianism, we need to concede that our world is full of inequalities, but not all parts of the world are equally ridden by conflict. Moreover, large N-studies of civil war, conducted over the past few years, all seem to conclude that inequality is not d irectly linked to the risk of civil warRead MoreLeadership Quality of Abdul Kalam and Ambedkar5051 Words   |  21 PagesAPJ Abdul Kalam: A Leader Should Know How to Manage Failure Abdul kalam following qualities to be of utmost importance for a creative leader. Leaders cannot go back to a dictatorial style. Who is that creative leader? You have to ask yourself? What are the qualities of the creative leader? The creative leadership, I define, ‘The creative leadership isexercising the task to change the traditional role from commander to coach, manager to mentor, from director to delegator, and from one he demandsRead MoreChapter 30 Ap Euro Outline Essay2891 Words   |  12 PagesNazi’s deportations and execution of European Jews were only the most dramatic examples of this development. Many moved from the countryside to the cities. Other vast forced movements due to the government caused millions of Germans Hungarians, Poles, Ukrainians, Bulgarians, Serbs, Finns, Chechens, Armenians, Greeks, Turks, Balts, and Bosnian Muslims to be displaced. This forced displacement transformed parts of Europe. Displacement through War: WWII created a huge refugee problem. An estimated

The Failed Dream Free Essays

The Failed Dream â€Å"The Constitution only guarantees the American people the right to pursue happiness. You have to catch It yourself. † These are the words of the American forefather, Benjamin Franklin. We will write a custom essay sample on The Failed Dream or any similar topic only for you Order Now His thoughts reflect the theme that runs through each word, idea and aspect of The Great Gatsby, a novel by F. Scott Fitzgerald. The Great Gatsby highlights the flaws of the coveted American dream and how it can never be achieved. Fitzgerald illustrated the different areas of this principle in various characters, such as the Buchanan, George Wilson and, of course, the Infamous Jay Gatsby. These characters exemplify the empty promises of the â€Å"white picket fence† fantasy and the lies that we have been told all through our lives that If we work hard and honest enough, we will receive our reward. The Buchanan, Tom and Daisy, were created by Fitzgerald to show how the rich have their wealth not due to any merit of theirs, as so the American dream claims. Instead, throughout the plot, it is revealed how immoral, selfish, and irresponsible the rich are, all the things that one is told not to do to achieve true happiness, yet they have reaped the benefits of the dream. The Immorality of the wealthy Is best personified through Tom Buchanan, who not only Is a chronic cheater, but also treats everyone else as Inferior to him. Early In the book, one of the first interactions a reader has with Tom is him talking to his mistress while hosting a dinner party with his wife. What is worse is the next chapter consists of him taking Nick, his wife’s cousin, to meet this mistress. This shows not only his selfishness, but his lack of any conscience. Even when he discovered the infidelity of his own wife, he failed to see his own fault for the exact crime. Daisy Is no better. She was eager to have an affair from the first mention of It, when Nick called her to come alone. She didn’t even consider the repercussions until push came to shove and she was forced to choose. â€Å"They were careless people, Tom and Daisy?they smashed up things†¦ Then retreated back to their money or their vast carelessness†(pig 70). This could not better explain this couple. Their only concern was themselves. They gave no regard to anyone but themselves. Daisy, who claimed to love Gatsby, through him under the bus to take the fall for Myrtle’s murder and ran into the arms of Tom. Both f them conspired to contently their superfluous life at the expense of theirs. They lived a life which breaks every code of morality and do not deserve their wealth, yet they are the ones who are enjoying the wonders of the fulfillment of the American dream. If the Buchanan are Fitzgerald example of people who have unjustifiably benefited from the American economic system, the opposite is George Wilson who has been cheated out of his inheritance. Wilson is the person the dream claims you should be to achieve It, hardworking, kind and moral. In every scene, except after the death of Myrtle, that George appears In, he Is working. He works his heart out yet all he has to show of it is a failed marriage and an empty bank account. As one edges toward the end of the book and the American dream unravels, George becomes the biggest indicator of this, â€Å"He had discovered that Myrtle had some sort of life apart from him in another world, and the shock had made him physically sick†¦. So sick that he looked guilty, unforgivably guilty. Yet even when he discovers the Infidelity of his George’s morality is the end when he finally seeks revenge. Granted, he murdered Gatsby, but he did this out of great mental torment and depression and even when e did it, he was filled with such regret that he could not live with himself afterwards. All the other characters, save for Nick, live in their sin without any sense of a conscience. If the American Dream is accurate, then George should be the most successful character in this tale, however, he is instead the penniless corpse. Gatsby is an example of someone who earned his American dream; however, he did not do it in the method that is advertised. Instead, Gatsby not only got his money through illegal means but he was also immoral and selfish. His actions, by definition, go against all that is upheld by the American dream so it should not be possible for Gatsby gain all he has. It is believed that if one works hard and is honest they will get their reward, yet we saw this is not true in George. On the flip side, Gatsby was able to obtain a fortune, but through illegal means. Not only is this but he not a hugely moral person though a reader might want to believe that. Instead, he is trying to take a married woman as his own, disregarding her husband, no matter how bad, and her daughter. These are not the actions of a ‘good man’. He was never content with what he had, always looking for more, even as a young man. He did not even care for his family as they were not wealthy and therefore not up to his standards. Gatsby instead did anything achieve success in the exact opposite way in the way one is told they can achieve it. The Great Gatsby seems like the tragic of failed love on the surface, however, it is really the poetic analysis of the tragedy of the American economic structure. One is told to work hard and be good and they will achieve success. Yet Fitzgerald magnified how this is a gross miscarriage of the truth. Instead, the people who have achieved success were handed it on a silver platter, like the Buchanan, or got it through immoral means, like Gatsby. He also shows how people who truly do believe in the dream try and try again but are cheated and never receive their reward, like George. The American dream is the universal aspiration of everyone on the planet. It is the almost religious belief instilled into the hearts of each person, influenced western society, from a young age. Yet only the select few who are already at the top stay there, looking down at the rest of us as the gap widens; and leaving us to run the pursuit of happiness only to receive the only thing that is guaranteed, death and taxes. How to cite The Failed Dream, Papers

Walking Economy in Parkinsons Disease Patients

Introduction People suffering from Parkinson’s disease (PD) experience less muscle control (Meg, Clarissa Margaret, 2010). Symptoms include involuntary shaking of limbs when at rest and muscle rigidity. Patients also lose posture and become abnormally slow in performing certain life functions (Meg, Clarissa Margaret, 2010). There has been very little success in terms of developing ideal intervention mechanisms for this problem (Meg, Clarissa Margaret, 2010). To determine the extent of the problem, this paper analyses a study done by Cory et al. (2009).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Walking Economy in Parkinson’s Disease Patients specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Purpose of the Study Cory et al. sought to establish the relationship between PD and walking economies (2009, 2). In neuroscience, ‘walking economy’ is defined as the amount of energy spent on walking (Cory et al. 20 09). They also wanted to establish the effects of other factors such as gender, age and severity of the disease on walking economies (Cory et al., 2009, 5). Study Design and Subjects Cory et al. (2009) used quasi-experiment design to perform this study. Quasi-experiment design is used when there are at least two groups or waves of measurement (Baley, 2008, 18). In this case, there is experiment group and comparison group. Unlike experimental design, quasi-experiment does not randomly assign subjects to groups. A study design is also considered to be quasi-experiment if the researcher actively manipulates the independent variable (Baley, 2008, 19). In the study by Cory et al. (2009), walking speed was the independent variable. Cory et al. (2009) used human subjects. The experiment group comprised of people suffering from Parkinson’s disease while the control group comprised of healthy people. Volunteers gave a written consent and were screened for PD. Those in disease stages b etween1.5 to 3 were included. Members of the control group were picked from the community. Both groups comprised of men and women between the ages of 50-80 years. Outcome Measurement Rate of oxygen intake was among measures used to determine energy consumption. Oxygen intake correlates with the amount of energy used in the body. The rates were measured when the participants were at rest and repeated while they were walking at different speeds. Walking speeds ranged from 0.8mph to 4mph. Increment from one speed to another was 0.5mph. Recording was done after every 30 seconds for each of the different speeds. Other measures used include rate of carbon dioxide output as well as minute ventilation (Cory, 2009, 8). Respiratory exchange ratios were also determined and recorded (Cory et al., 2009, 10). Participants also had their heart rates recorded. All these measures are positively correlated to the amount of energy used in the body. Use of more than one response variable enhances relia bility of the results by determining consistence.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Results On average, PD patients who participated had been sick for 4.8 years with a standard deviation of 4.1. The Hoehn Yahr scores average was 2.3 with a standard deviation of 0.4 while disease severity average was 33.6 with a standard deviation of 14.4. Cory et al. (2009) found that at rest, there were significant differences in heart rates, minute ventilations and respiratory exchange ratios for the two groups. Increase in speed translated into greater increase in oxygen intake by the PD group than the other group. The gradient of 3.32 with a standard deviation of 0.07 for PD patients was steeper than the gradient of 2.77 with a standard deviation of 0.09 for the control group. T-test analysis with ÃŽ ± = 0.05 produced a p-value of 0.001. Since 0.001 is less than 0.05, the differences were significant. The results showed no differences in oxygen intake between the two groups while at rest. As a show of consistence, the results also revealed significantly higher carbon dioxide output, respiratory exchange ratio, heart rate, and minute ventilation during walking in PD patients than the healthy participants. Cory et al. (2009) also found that age and PD severity did not have significant effects on oxygen intake in PD patients. In the control group, women showed a lower oxygen intake of10.8 with a standard deviation of 0.7 than men who had 11.9 with a standard deviation of 1.6 and a p-value of 0.003 (Cory et al. 2009, 32). Impairment Treated These results show that PD patients use more energy in walking as compared to healthy people. Since walking involves movement, this study treated movement impairment. Movement impairment limits performance of basic life activities such as walking, turning in bed and getting out of seats (Mehta et al 2007). Patients are considere d to be physically disabled if it reaches a point where they cannot perform such functions. Discussion Cory et al (2009) concluded that PD people experience more stress in movement than normal people. However, they did not show the role of rigidity, shaking and reduced strides in the poor walking economy. Related studies by Baltadjieva et al. (2006) and Mehta et al. (2007) observed that reduction in walking strides causes poor walking economies in healthy people (2006, 812). Another research by Dimitrova found that muscle activities in PD patients are more activated than in normal people when performing tasks that destabilize posture (2004, 490). However, there is need to perform a specific study to confirm the role of tremor, rigidity and reduced strides in poor walking economies among PD patients.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Walking Economy in Parkinson’s Disease Patients specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conclusion This paper finds that PD causes poor walking economy. Therefore, physical therapies should be designed to improve walking economies in PD patients. But there should be another research to explain the observed poor walking economies in these people. References Bailey, R.A. (2008). Design of Comparative Experiments. Cambridge: Cambridge University. Baltadjieva, R, Giladi N, Gruendlinger L, Peretz C, Hausdorff JM. (2006). Marked Alterations in the Gait Timing and Rhythmicity of Patients with Parkinson’s disease. European Journal of Neuroscience. 24(6):1815–1820. Cory, L. Christiansen, Margaret L. Schenkman, Kim McFann, Pamela Wolfe, and Wendy M. Kohrt, (2009). Walking Economy in People with Parkinson’s Disease, Movement Disorder. Denver: University of Colorado Denver. Dimitrova, D. Horak FB Nutt J. G. (2004). Postural Muscle Responses to Multidirectional Translations in Patients with Parkinson’s disease: Journal of Neurophysiology. 91(1): 489-501. Mehta P, Kifley A, Wang J, Rochtchina E, Mitchell P Sue C (2007). Population prevalence and incidence of Parkinson’s disease in an Australian community: Internal Medicine Journal 37: 812-814 Meg, E. Morris, Clarissa L. Margaret L. (2010). Striding out with Parkinson Disease: Evidence-Based Physical Therapy for Gait Disorders. 90:280-288Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This research paper on Walking Economy in Parkinson’s Disease Patients was written and submitted by user Nolan Newton to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.