Negative Effects Of Technology On Communication - 1378 Words

Recent technological advancements have led to the usage of cellular devices and social media sites, which are among the most common activity of today’s society. Many of the social media sites such as Instagram, Twitter, Snapchat, and Facebook offer a portal of entertainment and communication which has grown exponentially in recent years. Although this may be a source of leisure for people, the usage of these devices and programs have provided an escape from reality and have made people’s lives less social. These distractions have prevented people from being able to live in the present moment, having a strong use of time management and being able to have meaningful connections with their peers. In order to limit the use of cellular devices,†¦show more content†¦As human-beings, the fear of rejection and possessing flaws is inevitable. The internet provides an escape from reality, where the ability to express ourselves and to connect with other people is as easy as one click, but where does this action take us? This fear will often reverse and people will worry about becoming too immersed in the online world rather than being present in the real world. The concerns regarding the overuse of technology are what has inspired Los Angeles restaurants to ban the use of mobile devices to ensure that customers can both enjoy their meal as well as living in the present moment with their company (Forbes). By being present, not only are stronger relationships made, but having the ability to focus on the matter at hand is what will ultimately lead to success. Students are experiencing the downfalls of becoming distracted academically and socially because of the lack of time management skills that are influenced by cell phone use. As years have gone by, teenagers and young adults are becoming less social since a significant amount of their time is devoted to their devices. Having a cellular device out while completing work is distracting. In fact, it a dds approximately one to two more hours of time spent on homework (Boase). The task at hand will be successfully completed if there were to be no distractions. Not only does the cell phone usage affect time management, but it contributes to the student’s lack ofShow MoreRelatedPositive and Negative Effects of Technology on Communication Essay1391 Words   |  6 PagesTechnology today has a myriad of gadgets and tools to facilitate communication and this has transformed the way people communicate with each other. From the invention of the telegraph to the internet, technology has allowed people connect with family, friends, and colleagues at any location. Moreover, people can express their opinions to larger groups of people instantly that would not have been possible without the advent of technology. However, electronically mediated communication is a doubleRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effect On Society1644 Words   |  7 Pagesmediated communication,† he says. †Å"We’d rather e-mail than meet; we’d rather text than talk on the phone†. Other people such as Qualman (2011), believes that using social media to communicate does not have to be such a bad thing. He says that if used properly it can be a very effect tool in the business world. Because social media touches pretty much everyone in some way it is a good strategy for overall success or an organization. There are both positive and negative communication effects on socialRead MoreHow Technology Has Its Impacts On Family Life1585 Words   |  7 Pages Innovation is changing its shape as indicated by advanced man needs. It has a more noteworthy effect amid the season of function and additionally amid the recreation times. Human life has been created a considerable measure of the comfort which innovation has given. At the point when individuals are searching for better future utilizing innovation, internet and media shown to have several effects on human life on the o ther side. It has its impact in great and terrible routes on the brains of individualsRead MoreBenefits Of Being Top Notch Communication Channels916 Words   |  4 PagesIt is apparent that technology has exceeded humanity; face –to-face is worryingly diminishing because of the emergence of social-media technologies. Over 90% of the people in the modern world use social media such as Twitter, Facebook and Tumblr amongst others as communication platforms. These technologies play a significant role in the lives of people to the extent that some do not consider living without them. Social media technologies have become known forms of social interaction across the globeRead MoreImpact Of Technology On Society s Social Life1409 Words   |  6 Pagesoccasions this so-called technology. Although it is true that the use of this technology on many occasions it helps many people to be in contact with those who are far away. Social platforms like Facebook and tweeter among others brin g advantages for people, but at the same time have a negative effect on their behavior. The way they respond to interpersonal relationships and the outcomes that may come from them. For instance, the research about the effects that technology has on social lives, theRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society Essay1560 Words   |  7 Pagesboth the advantages and negative aspects of technology. As depicted in the film, social media has had a growing impact on how society performs routine tasks; thus, the intimate relationships needed for one to truly connect with others have become a rare gem. Social media can be defined as the exchange of ideas between groups or individuals in virtual communities. All throughout history, society has relied on tools in the forms of technological artifacts and other technologies. This continued relianceRead MoreUnbridled Technology1083 Words   |  5 PagesUnbridled technology There is no doubt that technology has advanced tremendously in the last half-century. Technology has provided extraordinary improvements to our world; being an endless source of entertainment and nonstop communication anywhere at any time. But are these technological advancements a good thing? The youth of today are constantly immersed in these technological advancements whether through cell phones, gaming systems, or laptops. As technology continues to advance it is negativelyRead MoreTechnology s Negative Effect On Society932 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology’s Negative Effect on Society Mankind has had a yearning for knowledge since the dawn of time, causing giant technological leaps. At the dawn of the new millennium technology thrived, and since then, technology has taken our world in a completely different direction than anyone could have imagined. Just like everything else, people have their own opinions and they either like, or dislike what technology has brought into our lives. If we look at the idea of technology from both sides, itRead MoreThe Effects Of Cellphones On Our Daily Lives Essay1679 Words   |  7 Pagestechnological advances and continual rise in interest, large amounts of research have been done on the overall impact that technology has had. We have previously stated that the goal of our study is to determine the overall effects that cellphones play on face-to-face interactions with one another on a daily basis. It is important to grasp the research being done on technology as a whole. There are currently mass amounts of research on the impa ct that cellphones have, but it seems that there isRead MoreThe Effects Of Texting On The Social Communication1197 Words   |  5 Pages Today, technology is transforming and evolving rapidly; at times it feels as if a new smartphone is being released every day. With these new technologies, we see both positive and negative effects influencing people of all ages. One of the major concerns about cell phone use is the impact texting has on the social communication of the world’s youths. In a quest to uncover the effects of texting, I will discuss to what degree texting is detrimental to the social communication between people in

Much Ado About Nothing And Orator On The Life Of A Slave,...

A social hierarchy has existed that mandates a person’s resources in order to become more literate and knowledgeable. The opportunity for education to become literate has greatly varied for the different social classes. Class designation may or may not have tremendous influence on education, Class designation is believed to have tremendous influence on education, yet countless exceptions have been †¦ as made apparent in literary works like William Shakespeare’s play, Much Ado About Nothing and orator on the life of a slave, Frederick Douglass’ Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass. Shakespeare’s depiction of characters like Margaret, a sharp tongued servant, and Dogberry, a bumbling sheriff, as well as Frederick Douglass, in his own†¦show more content†¦Although Margaret is merely a servant and does not have the opportunity to receive a formal education, she makes full use of her learning materials like emulating the syntax used by th e people she is constantly wary of because they are of higher social standings. Similarly, Frederick Douglass, a former slave of â€Å"Master Hugh’s family,† highlights that â€Å"education and slavery [are] incompatible† and that there â€Å"lay the danger† in expanding his educational resources, (Douglass, pg 755). He is â€Å"narrowly watched† and succumbed to violence, however he cannot act out against his oppressors because they are his masters and he has no rights or freedoms to claim as his own. Despite being a slave, and being a part of the lowest class, Douglass’ comprehensive use of his resources lends itself to â€Å"adopt[ing]† clever plans to go beyond the limitations forced on him, (pg 756). Each time Douglass is seen in a â€Å"separate room,† his masters â€Å"[suspect]† that he is reading a â€Å"book† and he is beaten as though he is a â€Å"brute† that needs to be harshly reprimanded for his actions, (pg 755). He replicates the â€Å"stratagems† that his mistress initially relies on to â€Å"instruct† him; the â€Å"inch† of education that

Guns Germs and Steel Free Essays

1. Yali’s question; â€Å"Why is it that you white people developed so much cargo and brought it to New Guinea but we black people had little cargo of our own? † 2. Diamond rewords the question as â€Å"History followed different courses for different peoples because of differences among people environment not because of biological differences among peoples themselves. We will write a custom essay sample on Guns Germs and Steel or any similar topic only for you Order Now † 3. Jared Diamond analyzes several factors that he believes contributed to the existing balance of the world’s resources. In order to answer Yali’s question, he speculates about the role of geography, technology, cultural diffusion, agriculture, culture and biology. . The Maori evolved differently because of population and leadership differences. The Maori conquered the Moriori due to its advanced weapons and technology and the Moriori lost due to its lack of leadership and simple weapons. 5. Population density affected economies because the more people there are the more things you need such as food. It also affected social complexity because it easier to control smaller populations. With more people you need more control over things for decisions which goes with political organization 6. Atahualpa was the last ruler of the Inca Empire of pre-Columbian South America to exercise power independent of Spanish control. Francisco Pizarro and a small group of Spanish soldiers captured Atahualpa. In a vain attempt to save Atahualpa, his subjects assembled one of the largest ransoms in history, an estimated $30 million worth of gold and silver. 7. Pizzarro completely surprised and overwhelmed Atahualpa’s empire; Pizzarro had guns germs and steel where the Incas didn’t. Pizzarro also had horses that terrified the Incas having never seen it. Pizzarro also had a written language and the Incas did not. 8. Availability of more consumable calories means more people equals strength of numbers. Domestic animals fed people by furnishing meat, milk, and fertilizer and by animal labor. Animals and crops also provide warmth and tools. 9. These areas are Southwest Asia’s Fertile Crescent, China, Mesoamerica, the Andes and possibly the Amazon Basin, and eastern United States. 10. These areas are Sahel, tropical West Africa, Ethiopia, and New Guinea. 11. These areas were western and central Europe, Indus valley, and Egypt. 12. The only hunter-gatherers to continue to exist were those who were separated geographically or lived in areas not fit for food producing. One theory of why people first started producing food was just as a back-up plan. Another theory is that there are different factors in different parts of the world that caused the decision to move to farming. 13. A plant is to be domesticated when its native characteristics are altered such that it cannot grow and reproduce without human intervention. 14. Because Different factors in different parts of the world caused the decision to move to farming. 5. Some plants need to be pollinated by another plant, but some mutant plants are self-pollinating. These self pollinating plants would also be picked and eventually wipe out the non self-pollinating plants. 16. Eurasia 17. Three advantages were the climate of the Fertile Crescent was wet in the winters and dry in the summers, ancestor crops were already very productive and fruitful, and many of the crops that inhabited the Fertile Crescent were self-pollinating. 18. For one the continent contained the largest amount of wild mammals. Another reason is that Eurasia has had the least extinction in the last 40,000 years. In other parts of the world large mammals were not as readily available for domestication. 19. Diamond gives six reasons why: diet, growth rate, and problems of captive breeding, nasty disposition, tendency to panic, and social structure. 20. The Americas and Africa both have a north-south axis while Eurasia has a west-east axis. It is because west-east regions share the same length of day, same types of seasons, same diseases, and same aspects of climate such as rainfall and habitat. Trade spread farther west east than it did north south. 21. Plants moved from north to south or vice-versa were not built to endure the different climates, times of day, and etc. Domestic animals could not fight off the new types of disease and climate as well. 22. Genetically some people have developed immunity to certain diseases or illnesses through generations of repeated exposure. The small populations can’t fight outside epidemics, and can’t evolve their own because they are nearly wiped out every time, therefore the epidemic disappears. 3. Blueprinting copying- when you copy or modify an available detailed blueprint. Idea Diffusion-when you receive little more than the basic idea and have to try to do it yourself. 24. If kings limited writing they can better control the masses and there is a smaller chance of and uprising. 25. â€Å"Invention is often the mother of necessity† which means that many inventors created things out of curiosity rather than becau se of need. In other words, they made a product before there was a demand for it 26. The factors are economic advantage of new technology, social value and prestige, vested interest, and ease of observing advantages. 27. Factors are peaceful trade, espionage, emigration, and war. 28. Behavior became lethal in the presence of peasant soldiers ungracefully blasting away with guns. Eventually reduced government orders for guns until japan was almost without functional guns. 29. Sedentary living was decisive for the history of technology, because it enabled people to accumulate non-portable possessions. 30. Bands are the smallest societies lack many types of institutions that other societies have. They are so small because the region they live in lacks the resources for larger societies. Next is the tribe, being a little larger. Tribes are large enough where they can have separate clans. Next is Chiefdoms, which contain different lineages, and have many jobs that were often filled by captured slaves. Chiefdoms had a redistributive economy in which the chief received all the goods and then spread it back out among all the people. States have many more slaves and are supported by a political and territorial basis, not one of kinship and heredity. 1. There are four reasons why large societies must have complex centralized government. Secondly is the â€Å"growing possibility of communal decision making with increasing population size. † Thirdly involves economic reasons of differentiating talents and transfer of goods. The final consideration is that larger societies have denser populations 32. One reason is because of early extinction of large wild fauna in the Americas, while in Eurasia there were a variety of wild animals for domestication. Agriculture is another reason. Eurasia also had much more variety of domestic able plants. Those parts of the Americas that did have agriculture were lacking in protein. It was also much less successful because they did not have the labor animals that Eurasia did. Germs, metal, military technology, and power to operate machinery were all more reasons that Eurasia had such an advantage over the Native Americans. 33. Those parts of the Americas that did have agriculture were lacking in protein. 34. These were blacks, whites, African Pygmies, Khoisan, and Asians. 35. Iron tools and agriculture How to cite Guns Germs and Steel, Papers

Managing Innovation Annual Report of Certain Companies

Question: Discuss about theManaging Innovationfor Annual Report of Certain Companies. Answer: Literature Review Introduction Literature review mainly discusses the secondary data that would be useful to carry out a research work. The literature review mainly consists of the previous works of the authors who have carried out research on similar topic, annual report of certain companies, interview by certain people, blogs and other materials. The literature review mainly helps the readers to understand the factors that have been already dealt in the similar field and what are the areas that have been not being explored and could be explored in the future research work. The following literature review will mainly talk about the innovation in the business or society and the way innovations will help in sustainability and growth. An innovation in both business and society helps the individual to become advance and compete at the global level. Innovations make the individuals updated about the latest happenings in the society. The individual will be able to grow and develop only when they will be aware of the society and the changes that are taking place in the society. The literature will talk about the theory of innovations, the fundamentals of sustainability and then will bring about the relation between the innovation, sustainability and growth. Innovations can be in the field of science and technology, environment or in any organization irrespective of the field where the organization is functioning. The main idea of innovation is mainly to take the people forward who are living in a society. Types of Innovations Innovations in an organization can take place in various ways. Innovations can be done in the field of technology that is being uses in an organization, in the business models or in the operations in the organization. Three types of innovations can help in sustainable growth of an organization. The types of innovations are : Incremental innovations When small changes are being made in the technologies that are being used in the organization or in the business model then it is called incremental innovations (De Marchi 2012). Breakthrough innovations When a significant amount of change is done in the field of technologies of the organization or in the business models, then it is called breakthrough innovations (Davila, Epstein and Shelton 2012). As the name suggests, the innovations helps in making huge amount of changes in the models and technologies and the changes will bring significant amount of development in the organization. Radical innovations At times, rarely an innovation takes place in an organization but when the changes happen, it gives rise to a new industry or expansion of the organization as a whole. Radical innovations happen when there is huge change needed in the organization or the organization is trying to expand its business in an international location (Damanpour and Aravind 2012). Radical innovations take place after range of planning been done in the organizations. Theory of Innovation Druckers seven sources of innovation help individuals to know the meaning of innovation in a better manner (Drucker 2014). Once the senior management of an organization will follow the theory it will help them to understand the exact meaning. It will help the senior management to able to go about the innovation well. The seven sources are: The unexpected Market is full of positive and negative factors. An organization come across various opportunities as well as threats in the market. Hence, the organization should keep in mind that they would face the unexpected from the market. The innovations should be made after the going through the current trends in the market. The Incongruity A difference is there between the situations that the organization thought should be there and the situation that is actually present in the society. A thorough market research is necessary before starting the process of innovation Process Need Process need refers to the operation of identifying the weakness in the organization and implement ways that will help them to function well in the market. Before thinking about any innovation, organization should first look into the available resources in the organization. If any of the resources is found missing in the organization, then the company should take necessary steps to rectify those mistakes, fill the gaps and then bring about the change. Industry and Market Structure Change The industry is always changing. At times, the industry times the industry is expanding and at times it is shrinking. The organization that is thinking about the innovation should first think about the changes in the industry then bring about the innovation in the industry. Demographics Variations will be there among the consumers, which are living in a particular location. The income levels, age as well as the education various among the people who are living in the society. The background of the consumers should be kept into mind before bringing any such innovation in the organization or in the society. Changes in Perception, Meaning, and Mood Immigrations and migrations of the people in a country happen in a regular basis. The people resign in a country or at particular location also changes. Thus, before implementation of the innovation, the organization or the government should keep a check on the population of the place and then implement the innovations. New Knowledge Changes might bring opportunities as well as threats. The organization should keep a check on the opportunities that will be brought by the changes in the market and then implement the innovation. Fundamental of Sustainable Growth The purpose of the growth should be strong enough for the growth (Dincer and Rosen 2012). The people who are going with the change should have proper focus that is constant as well as consistency. The senior manager and the employees should work with close contact with the customers and depending on that, they should continuously innovate within the organization. Innovations in the Field of Science and Sustainable Growth Innovation and sustainable growth can be seen in an evident manner in the field of science and technology. According to the task team that studied about the development agenda, science is the best method that will be able to explain the relationship between innovations and sustainable growth. The best way of promoting sustainable development of a society cannot be completed without the help of science, technology and innovations (STI) (UN System Task Team 2015). Once the individual will have a steady access to innovation and technology, it will help them to improve the quality of their living conditions. The innovations in the technological field that will help improving the lifestyle that can further help in resolving issues for a huge population as well as help in enhancing the productivity among the people that will rise the income level of the individuals (Boons et al. 2013). The there are two types STI issues that need to be handled in a cumulative manner in the work of technology. The growth that has driven by innovation can no longer be associated with developed or high-income countries (Cohen, Brown and Vergragt 2013). Some of the developing countries in the world have been able to develop themselves as far as the technology and innovation is concerned. The second issues that has been identified as far as the STI is concerned, is that it would be better to consider STI in an integrative manner rather than considering it as an independent agenda (Sarkar 2013). Once the STI will be integrated with public goals by giving special attentions to culture, development and educations. The integration will help in sustainable growth of a community and help in effective growth of the society as a whole. Thus, it can be seen that innovation in the field of science not only helps in growth of science but also in turn helps in the growth of the entire society. Bio-economy Strategy as Innovation and the Contribution for Sustainable Growth The bio-economy strategy adopted by Europe is of the most important examples of how innovations can be used for sustainable growth in the society (European Commission 2012). Due to the increase in the number of population in the world, the environment has been hugely affected. The growth of population has resulted in excessive use of resources which in turn in mainly resulting in the depletion of the environment (Mazzucato and Perez 2014). Thus, a huge need innovation will help the society to combat the problems of population growth and depletion of resources. If advancement is being made on the use and renewal of biological resources and give rise to innovative way of bio-economy strategy; it will help the Europe to give rise to a sustainable environment. If bio-economy is being implemented in the economy then it will help in sustainable growth of the country in various ways (Kastalli and Van Looy 2013). Some of the ways of sustainable growth in the industry are: Enhance economic growth and maintain the growth Create jobs in the rural, commercial and industrial areas Reduce the dependency on the fossil fuels Improve the environmental and economic sustainability It has been seen that there will be an increase in population among the people who are living in the society. By 2050, there will be increase in demand of food by 70%. Thus, the bio-economy strategy aims at changing the food habit and the way of living of the people in the society. Currently, it has been that the amount of that are being wasted annually account to be 90 million tonnes. The innovation with the help of bio-economy strategy aims to decrease the amount of food wastage in the society. Hence, it can be seen that innovation cannot be always associated with the expenditure but also can be a way to reduce expenditure of an economy as a whole. In a country like Europe where the dependency on junk food is quite high, bio-economy strategy will help in changing the food habit for the better (Lyasnikov et al. 2014). Contribution of the OECD and Non-OECD Countries Towards Sustainable Growth through Innovation The countries from all over the world has hugely contributed for innovation. They have invested huge a lot of money for innovation purpose with the help of research, development ns other support measures. In the year 2012, OECD government invested a monetary amount is almost equal 0.8% of the GDP of the country (PWC 2012). Finland and Korea invested 1 percent of their GDP. Twenty-seven countries out of the 34 countries under the OECD government as well as many non-OECD countries have invested for the research and development with the help of tax incentives. During the period of 2008 until 2012, the rate of employment fell in the OECD as well non-OECD countries. The fall mainly of the recession, that had hit the world economy (Aiginger, 2014). However, it has been seen that the new firms were able to reduce the rate of unemployment in the countries. The new firms have come up new ideas and innovations. The new firms have been able attract the individuals and help in the development of the society as a whole(Lorek and Fuchs 2013). The simple relation between innovation and growth is based on the fact the innovation leads to development of new products and the development of products will help in growth of the organization (Bocken et al. 2014). It has been found that the economies that are constantly innovating new technologies and products are growing fast and are more dynamic in nature. As they are innovating new thing constantly they have full knowledge about the changes in the economy and the society, during the time of difficulty, they are able to solve the problems in better and in a prompt manner (Baranenko 2014). Innovations also help the economies to lower their dependency in fossil fuel and give rise to better idea that will help them to find out ways that will help in reducing the use of fossil fuel in the society (Zheng and Kammen 2014). An economy that is constantly innovating will be able to grow in respect to sales and employment than an economy that is not innovating and is operating on traditio nal norms. Summary After going through various aspects of sustainable growth and innovation, it can be summarised that the only way to sustainability and growth is innovation. Traditional ways can help the society or the organization to grow. However, innovation will help them to see beyond the traditional ways and stay ahead in the race of competition with other nations. Innovations not only mean giving rise to new products or idea, innovation may also include the adding something in the traditional idea and giving rise to new idea. The input in the traditional matter can be modern which will help in giving rise to new idea. Many people have this misconception that innovations means huge amount of expenditure and only developed countries, which are capable of such expenditures will be able to give rise to innovations. However, such kinds of misconceptions are only given rise by those people who are not interested in innovations. Innovations need ideas and enthusiasm that will help in growth of an organization. Only the presence of technology will not help the people to give rise to innovation but ideas are also important for innovation. Innovations can be in the field of technology as well as the field of environmental impacts. Thus, not only monetary help but also proper ideas are needed to give rise to innovation. The process of innovation requires a lot of knowledge, awareness and education. Thus, if any of the organization is giving rise to innovation, then they will have more awareness than the people who are not interested in innovation. Hence, a group of people or country will always have a solution of the problems and will be able to solve a problem in a better manner if they are thinking of innovation. As a result, they will be able to grow and sustain and sustain their growth. References Aiginger, K., 2014. Industrial Policy for a sustainable growth path.Policy paper,4, p.7. Baranenko, S.P., Dudin, M.N., Lyasnikov, N.V. and Busygin, K.D., 2014. Use of environmental approach to innovation-oriented development of industrial enterprises.American journal of applied sciences,11(2), pp.189-194. Bocken, N.M.P., Short, S.W., Rana, P. and Evans, S., 2014. A literature and practice review to develop sustainable business model archetypes.Journal of cleaner production,65, pp.42-56. Boons, F., Montalvo, C., Quist, J. and Wagner, M., 2013. Sustainable innovation, business models and economic performance: an overview.Journal of Cleaner Production,45, pp.1-8. Cohen, M.J., Brown, H.S. and Vergragt, P. eds., 2013.Innovations in sustainable consumption: New economics, socio-technical transitions and social practices. Edward Elgar Publishing. Damanpour, F. and Aravind, D., 2012. Managerial innovation: Conceptions, processes, and antecedents.Management and Organization Review,8(2), pp.423-454. Davila, T., Epstein, M. and Shelton, R., 2012.Making innovation work: How to manage it, measure it, and profit from it. FT press. De Marchi, V., 2012. Environmental innovation and RD cooperation: Empirical evidence from Spanish manufacturing firms.Research Policy,41(3), pp.614-623. Dincer, I. and Rosen, M.A., 2012.Exergy: energy, environment and sustainable development. Newnes. Drucker, P., 2014.Innovation and entrepreneurship. Routledge. European Commission, 2012.Innovating for A Sustainable Growth Bioeconomy for Europe. 1st ed. [ebook] Available at: https://bioeconomia.agripa.org/download-doc/64047 [Accessed 16 Oct. 2016]. Kastalli, I.V. and Van Looy, B., 2013. Servitization: Disentangling the impact of service business model innovation on manufacturing firm performance.Journal of Operations Management,31(4), pp.169-180. Lorek, S. and Fuchs, D., 2013. Strong sustainable consumption governanceprecondition for a degrowth path?.Journal of cleaner production,38, pp.36-43. Lorek, S. and Spangenberg, J.H., 2014. Sustainable consumption within a sustainable economybeyond green growth and green economies.Journal of cleaner production,63, pp.33-44. Lyasnikov, N.V., Dudin, M.N., Sekerin, V.D., Veselovsky, M.Y. and Aleksakhina, V.G., 2014. The national innovation system: the conditions of its making and factors in its development.Life Science Journal,11(6), pp.535-538. Mazzucato, M. and Perez, C., 2014. Innovation as growth policy: the challenge for Europe. PWC, 2012.How to drive innovation and business growth Leveraging emerging technology for sustainable growth. 1st ed. [ebook] Available at: https://www.pwc.com/us/en/supply-chain-management/assets/pwc-oracle-innovation-white-paper.pdf [Accessed 16 Oct. 2016]. Sarkar, A.N., 2013. Promoting eco-innovations to leverage sustainable development of eco-industry and green growth.European Journal of Sustainable Development,2(1), p.171. UN System Task Team, 2015.Science, technology and innovation for sustainable development in the global partnership for development beyond 2015. 1st ed. [ebook] Available at: https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/untaskteam_undf/thinkpieces/28_thinkpiece_science.pdf [Accessed 16 Oct. 2016]. Zheng, C. and Kammen, D.M., 2014. An innovation-focused roadmap for a sustainable global photovoltaic industry.Energy Policy,67, pp.159-169.

The Misery by Anton Chekhov Essay Example

The Misery by Anton Chekhov Paper Name: Tutor: Course: Date: We will write a custom essay sample on The Misery by Anton Chekhov specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Misery by Anton Chekhov specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Misery by Anton Chekhov specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The Misery by Anton Chekhov 1. Misery is a short story written by Anton Chekhov. Constance Garnett translated it from Russian to English. Chekhov began writing with the purpose of raising funds for his medical education at Moscow University and upkeep for his family. In 1884, the author graduated from the University and began his medical practice. In 1886, he published his acclaimed work, Misery. The story in question revolves around Iona Potapov, an old sledge driver. It is set a week after Potapov’s son dies in a hospital, during 19th Century Russia. Other characters in the story are a military officer, three young men, a house porter and a sleepy cabman. Potapov’s horse also plays a role in the story’s proceedings. The characters mentioned, have a significant role in bringing forward Chekhov’s ideals. Anton Chekhov proposes that human beings have no concern for each other’s hardships. Various instances in the short story show this. The story begins with Iona seeking for a customer in the snowy town. Eventually, a military officer boards his sledge. Chekhov portrays the officer as an impatient and rude character. During the ride, he is as a cautious person just as well. When Iona attempts to inform him of his grief, the officer does not pay attention. They reach their destination and the old man gets new customers, three young men. The young men are obnoxious and rowdy. They pay Iona an unfair fare for the ride. When the old man attempts to inform them of his son’s death, one of the young men rubbishes Iona’s words. The young men impatiently get off the sledge at their destination. The old man decides to end his day by going to the yard. Unfortunately, he has not made enough money to feed his horse with oats. At the yard, he meets a young sledge driver. He wishes to share his grief with him, but the sleepy young man continues with his sleep. Chekhov’s story ends with Iona detailing the loss of his son to his horse as no one else seems concerned with his affairs. Chekhov is a brilliant writer. Several aspects of his writing are admirable. First, his introduction of Iona is impressive. He uses a highly descriptive style. Chekhov first describes the evening. He then describes how snow fell on that occasion, and its effect on the people and objects in the area. (Chekhov 168). Through this, the writer informs his readers that the story begins at the evening and ends at night. This instance also provides us with the season during which the story takes place. The writer also introduces the old man’s hardship through his stillness, in thought. Chekhov also provides the reader with a good description of the old man’s poor driving. He explains that the old man is restless. The writer compares the sledge’s seat to thorns. Chekhov also describes the old man’s difficulty in focusing on the road ahead. Iona, therefore, drives the sledge in a hazardous manner, nearly causing an accident. This situation provokes the military officer to speak to Iona. In turn, the old man sees this as the opportunity to justify his current state. Iona tells the officer of his son’s death. However, the officer interrupts the speech with his commands. The author uses a descriptive style to highlight the hunchback’s response to Iona’s hardship. He describes the manner which the hunchback licks his lips and coughs. This instance helps in showing the hunchback’s reluctance to share the old man’s grief. Anton Chekhov’s depiction of the characters is admirable. He develops them alongside the story’s argument. The military officer is a dismissive character. First, he assumes that Mr. Potapov is asleep by laying still. The officer asks the old man whether he is asleep or not (Chekhov 169). During the ride, Iona speaks to his passenger. At first, he assumes that the officer is ready to listen to the story of his son’s death. However, the officer closes his eyes and pretends to be deep in thought as the old man commences his story. The military officer portrays the notion that people lack genuine concern for each other’s affairs. Chekhov implies that people also take advantage of each other’s hardships in the story. He uses the three young men to portray this notion. The old man picks them up despite a terrible price for the sledge ride. (Chekhov 170). The writer explains that the old man has lost concern for the fare as his grief has occupied his mind. The three have an unsympathetic character. In response to the old man’s story, the hunchback cuts him off and tells him that they shall all die (Chekhov 172). The author portrays the sleepy cabman as a selfish person. He considers his sleep more important than listening to the old man. The writer explains that when Iona began to speak, the young man was fast asleep. Chekhov’s portrayal of grief in the story is admirable. He introduces the old man as a person stricken with grief to an extent that he is immobile. The author depicts Iona Potapov as a person who has separated himself from the society around him, and to an extent, reality. Chekhov describes the old man as white as a ghost, due to snow covering his body. Chekhov further highlights the old man’s stillness. This serves as a portrayal of his grief. When the military officer arrives, he thinks that the old man is asleep. However, he is simply sitting still in thought. The atmosphere in the story is described as dull and cold. This depiction is brought forward by Chekhov’s description of the weather. At the end of the story, the writer describes the old man’s lack of cash. As a result, he misses a meal, and his horse has to eat hay. This further contributes to the reader’s perception of the old man’s bad day. After finding no one to share his misery with, he switches to contemplation and watching his surroundings. Chekhov (174) writes, â€Å"Can he not find among these thousands someone who will listen to him? However, the crowds flit by heedless of him and his misery†¦His misery is immense, beyond all bounds. If Iona’s heart were to burst and his misery flow out, it would flood the whole world, it seems, but it is not seen. It has found a hiding-place in such an insignificant shell that one would not have found it with a candle by daylight†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Through this instance, Anton Chekhov depicts his theme of loneliness. His choice of words further enables the reader familiarity with Iona’s miserable situation. In the end, the old man decides to share his grief with his horse. After all, nobody else is interested in sharing his story. The writer informs us that Mr. Potapov’s horse listens to him as it feeds on hay. Chekhov’s story raises many questions in a readers mind. In the story, the author tackles the old man’s situation casually. A reader wonders whether misery and isolation is a daily phenomenon. From the text, the author depicts sadness as a matter of daily occurrence. Chekhov informs us that the old man’s sadness leaves for a short while, and then comes back heavier than before. The answer provided is unsatisfactory. This is proven when contemporary life is taken into consideration. Not every day happens to be a miserable day. The author has taken a disdainful stance towards the female gender. The writer implies that women are of minimal importance, and all they do is weep during serious situations. This is a derogatory pronouncement. In his efforts to create conversation with the young man, Iona should have thought of a different subject. The writer’s words may upset an audience consisting of the female gender. In the story, Chekhov implies that no person bothered to listen to Iona Potapov’s story of hardship, only an animal did. The author describes the anxiety the old man felt as he looked at the crowd. When it hits him that all the people he sees are strangers, and none is concerned with his bereavement, his pain intensifies. From that, readers wonder whether humans are so cold and ignorant of one another, focusing on themselves instead. Chekhov should have provided at least one instance of an understanding person. It is a reader’s opinion that strangers may not be compassionate to an individual’s suffering. It does not concern them, and they will try to maintain their distance. Furthermore, a reader may deduce that the writer’s sick state of health, at the time of writing, may have disoriented his thoughts on society’s positive aspects. However, Chekhov’s story is highly successful in showing that people have little concern for each other’s problems. 2. Towards the end of the story, Chekhov explains Iona’s desire to speak to someone by comparing his desire for a conversation with the aforementioned man’s thirst. When he discovers that the younger man is asleep, he thinks of what he can use as a conversation starter. However, he ends up talking to his white mare. He tells the horse, â€Å"That’s how it is, old girl. . . . Kuzma Ionitch is gone. . . . He said goodby to me. . . . He went and died for no reason. . .(Chekhov 174)† The writer explains that Iona’s horse eats as it listens to the old man. Chekhov tells us that this simple act carries away the old man. From this, a reader may deduce the ending as a relatively happy one. The writer has solved the conflict of the story. The old man yearns for someone to listen to what he had to say, throughout the story. Amazingly, the horse grants his wish, as he feeds it hay. However, Chekhov should have adopted a different end to the story. An ending with the man talking to the horse is unsatisfactory. A horse is incapable of providing compassion to the old man. Furthermore, the horse is unable to understand the old man’s problems. Furthermore, it is an assumption that the old man knew the horse was listening to him. After all, the writer describes that the old man was carried away as he spoke to the horse (Chekhov 175). As stated earlier, Chekhov wishes to show that people have lost compassion for each other, during times of suffering. Towards the end of his story, Chekhov contradicts his earlier proposition. The writer states that the old man had not earned enough to pay for his horse’s oats. He relates this situation to the misery he has experienced throughout that day. The old man further states that people who have enough to eat ate always happy with their situation (Chekhov 174). From that instance, the old man implies that his misery is attributable to lacking enough money, and in consequence, food. That statement discounts the old man’s earlier need to share his grief, on his son’s death, with strangers. An appropriate ending should reflect the writer’s earlier argument on the old man’s grief. The best ending would be right before the author says, â€Å"His misery is immense, beyond all bounds. If Iona’s heart were to burst and his misery to flow out, it would flood the whole world, it seems, but it is not seen. It has found a hiding-place in such an insignificant shell that one would not have found it with a candle by daylight. . . .(Chekhov 170).† In that scenario, the story ends with an aura of misery. Iona wished for a person to listen to him, which nobody did. This ending enables the story to maintain relevance to the stated theme. Scenarios such as the talk with his horse, and the young man, are cut down on. Such an ending also emphasizes the cruelty of people, as portrayed by the crowd. The story has a dull mood, as described by the weather and speech. The proposed ending will enhance the story’s mood. Furthermore, at the chosen point in the story, a reader experiences its climax. An ending at the suggested point will serve to enhance literary t ools such as suspense to the reader. In the story, Anton Chekhov presents an interesting argument. He implies that humans have lost concern for their counterparts in the society. Various instances justify this thought, in the story. This article supports the aforementioned notion. However, it also mentions differing ideals, to provide an argument to Chekhov’s views. The writer’s positive aspects receive acknowledgement in the essay. Just as well, the article raises various propositions, for the purposes of improving the story. In this light, the essay provides an appropriate alternative to the previous ending. Works Cited Top of Form Chekhov, Anton P, Okla Elliott, Kyle Minor, and Constance Garnett. The Other Chekhov. Fort Collins, Colo.: New American Press, 2008. Print. Top of Form Bottom of Form Bottom of Form

Evolution Labs - Coacervates Lab

Evolution Labs - Coacervates Lab Coacervates are a life-like creation that prove that life may have formed from simple organic substances under the right conditions that eventually led to the formation of prokaryotes. Sometimes called protocells, these coacervates mimic life by creating vacuoles and movement. All it takes to create these coacervates is protein, carbohydrates, and an adjusted pH. This is easily done in the lab and then the coacervates can be studied under a microscope to observe their life-like properties. Materials: goggleslab coats or protective covering for clothescompound light microscopemicroscope slidescoverslipstest tube racksmall culture tubes (one tube per student)rubber stopper or cap that fits the culture tubeone medicine dropper per tube0.1M HCl solutionpH papercoacervate mix Making the coacervate mix: Mix 5 parts of 1% gelatin solution with 3 parts 1% gum acacia solution on the day of the lab (the 1% solutions can be made up ahead of time). Gelatin can be purchased at either the grocery store or a science supply company. Gum acacia is very affordable and can be bought from some science supply companies. Procedure: Put on the goggles and lab coats for safety. There is acid used in this lab, so extra precautions should be taken when working with the chemicals.Use good lab practices when setting up the microscope. Make sure the microscope slide and coverslip are clean and ready for use.Obtain a clean culture tube and a test tube rack to hold it. Fill up the culture tube about half way with the coacervate mix which is a combination of 5 parts gelatin (a protein) to 3 parts gum acacia (a carbohydrate).Use a dropper to put a drop of the mix onto a piece of pH paper and record the initial pH.Add a drop of acid to the tube and then cover the end of the tube with a rubber stopper (or culture tube cap) and invert the entire tube once to mix. If this is done properly, it will turn somewhat cloudy. If the cloudiness disappears, add another drop of acid and invert the tube once again to mix. Continue adding drops of acid until the cloudiness stays. Most likely, this will not take more than 3 drops. If it t akes more than that, check to be sure you have the right concentration of acid. When it stays cloudy, check the pH by putting a drop on pH paper and record the pH. Place a drop of the cloudy coacervate mix on a slide. Cover the mix with a coverslip, and search under low power for your sample. It should look like clear, round bubbles with smaller bubbles inside. If you are having trouble finding your coacervates, try adjusting the light of the microscope.Switch the microscope to high power. Draw a typical coacervate.Add three more drops of acid, one at a time, inverting the tube to mix after each single drop. Take a drop of the new mix and test its pH by putting it on the pH paper.After washing your original coacervates off of your microscope slide (and the coverslip, too), put a drop of the new mix on the slide and cover with the coverslip.Find a new coacervate on low power of your microscope, then switch to high power and draw it on your paper.Be careful with clean up of this lab. Follow all safety procedures for working with acid when cleaning. Critical Thinking Questions: Compare and contrast the materials you used in this lab to create coacervates to the supposed materials available on the ancient Earth.At what pH did the coacervate droplets form? What does this tell you about the acidity of the ancient oceans (if it is assumed this is how life formed)?What happened to the coacervates after you added the extra drops of acid? Hypothesize how you could get the original coacervates to come back into your solution.Is there a way coacervates may be more visible when looking through a microscope? Create a controlled experiment to test your hypothesis. Lab adapted from original procedure by the University of Indiana

Business report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business report - Essay Example As for printing, the companys range of activities range from printing of flyers and insert; catalogues, books, financials; its printing plant in North America, as well as key accounts such as SFC, the New York Times, G&M, Metro and others (Transcontinental, Inc 2008). Transcontinental, Inc. offers marketing products and services that range from direct marketing, website development, database analytics, and fulfillment mailing (Transcontinental, Inc 2008). II. Describe its domestic and global operations, including sales or revenue generated in each geographic area and the corresponding percentage generated in each geographic area (e.g., by country, region, economic community, etc.) In 2008, Transcontinental, Inc. has a reported revenues amounting to $2,429.3 million (Transcontinental, Inc 2008). Of this, $2051.8 million or 84.86% represents the companys operations in Canada. 75.61% of this sales, or $1,836.8 million are sales within Canada, while 8.85% represents exports. The remaining 15.54% represents sales in the United States and Mexico (Transcontinental, Inc 2008). Transcontinental, Inc. has three strategic business units—marketing services, publishing and printing. According to the companys annual report, in 2008, the companys marketing services has reaped an amount of $1,252.2 million in sales; the publishing has $647.5 million ; and $624 million for printing (Transcontinental, Inc 2008). In 2007, the companys sales from its marketing services strategic business unit amounts to $1150.1 million, with $634.7 million in printing and $633.5 million in publishing (Transcontinental, Inc 2008). Transcontinental, Inc. has posted $2,282.3 million in its revenues in 2006; where its marketing services amount to $1082.2 million, its printing has earned $714.7 million, and its publishing business unit has reaped $579.8 million. In 2006, the company has earned a net